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DTRA’s advancements in nuclear and radiological detection
A new, more complex nuclear age has begun. Echoing the tensions of the Cold War amid rapidly evolving nuclear and radiological threats, preparedness in the modern age is a contest of scientific innovation. The Research and Development Directorate (RD) at the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) is charged with winning this contest.
Graydon L. Yoder, Jr., David G. Morris, Charles B. Mullins, Larry J. Ott
Nuclear Technology | Volume 60 | Number 2 | February 1983 | Pages 304-313
Technical Paper | Radiation Effects and Their Relationship to Geological Repository / Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow | doi.org/10.13182/NT83-A33086
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A series of steady-state film boiling experiments have been conducted to show the effect of spacer grids on rod bundle heat transfer. Experiments were performed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in the Thermal-Hydraulic Test Facility, a pressurized water loop containing a 64-rod bundle, of which 60 rods are electrically heated. The bundle is equipped with detailed thermometry around two grids, which allows grid heat transfer effects to be studied. Rod surface temperature data show a 75 to 150 K temperature difference between measurements upstream and downstream of the grids, while heat transfer coefficients increase across the grids by 20%. Twenty to thirty hydraulic diameters are required for these effects to dissipate.