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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
Wayne R. Meier, Michael T. Tobin, Michael S. Singh
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 19 | Number 3 | May 1991 | Pages 1362-1367
Result of Large Experiment and Plasma Engineering | doi.org/10.13182/FST91-A29532
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory intends to upgrade the Nova Laser Facility to ∼2 MJ of blue light. Our first step in ensuring strict adherence to environmental, safety, and health guidelines is to explore the radiological aspects of Nova Upgrade. The results of neutron activation and radiation dose calculations are presented for two different chamber designs: an aluminum chamber with a water blanket for shielding and a high purity, fiberglass epoxy chamber. In addition to the activation of the chamber materials, we address the activation and resulting radiological hazards of the beam tubes, optical elements in the beam lines, concrete walls, aluminum space frame, and air surrounding the chamber. We report the peak prompt dose just outside the concrete walls that surround the chamber. Tritium recovery and disposal techniques are also addressed.