ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Division Spotlight
Decommissioning & Environmental Sciences
The mission of the Decommissioning and Environmental Sciences (DES) Division is to promote the development and use of those skills and technologies associated with the use of nuclear energy and the optimal management and stewardship of the environment, sustainable development, decommissioning, remediation, reutilization, and long-term surveillance and maintenance of nuclear-related installations, and sites. The target audience for this effort is the membership of the Division, the Society, and the public at large.
Meeting Spotlight
2025 ANS Annual Conference
June 15–18, 2025
Chicago, IL|Chicago Marriott Downtown
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
May 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
July 2025
Nuclear Technology
June 2025
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
High-temperature plumbing and advanced reactors
The use of nuclear fission power and its role in impacting climate change is hotly debated. Fission advocates argue that short-term solutions would involve the rapid deployment of Gen III+ nuclear reactors, like Vogtle-3 and -4, while long-term climate change impact would rely on the creation and implementation of Gen IV reactors, “inherently safe” reactors that use passive laws of physics and chemistry rather than active controls such as valves and pumps to operate safely. While Gen IV reactors vary in many ways, one thing unites nearly all of them: the use of exotic, high-temperature coolants. These fluids, like molten salts and liquid metals, can enable reactor engineers to design much safer nuclear reactors—ultimately because the boiling point of each fluid is extremely high. Fluids that remain liquid over large temperature ranges can provide good heat transfer through many demanding conditions, all with minimal pressurization. Although the most apparent use for these fluids is advanced fission power, they have the potential to be applied to other power generation sources such as fusion, thermal storage, solar, or high-temperature process heat.1–3
Masaki Takeuchi, Tatsuo Sugie, Shigeharu Takeyama, Kiyoshi Itami
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 69 | Number 3 | May 2016 | Pages 655-665
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/FST15-191
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
An important issue for ITER divertor infrared (IR) thermography (IRTh) is that changes in the emissivity of tungsten divertor targets resulting from depositions; erosions; and dependences on temperature, wavelength, and surface roughness affect the temperature measurement, which requires an accuracy of 10%. Therefore, we investigated the emissivity dependences of tungsten samples in ITER-grade tungsten and validated the proposed in situ calibration method for emissivity evaluation by using an IR laser in laboratory experiments. The emissivity of the tungsten samples had a strong dependence on surface roughness of 1.0 to 5.9 μm. In the two-color method, by measuring the radiances of the tungsten sample in two wavelengths of 3.35 and 4.67 μm, the change of the ratio of the emissivities did not satisfy the measurement requirement. Thus, an in situ calibration method of emissivity is needed. The emissivity evaluated using the in situ calibration method was in good agreement with the emissivity evaluated from the radiance for tungsten samples at temperatures of 22°C, 100°C, and 400°C. Consequently, the in situ calibration method for emissivity evaluation using an IR laser was successfully validated. More work is needed for the application in IRTh.
