This paper presents experimental results of both fiber Bragg grating point-sensors and spatially-distributed fiber sensors fabricated by the ultrafast laser for high-temperature radiation environments for both fossil fuel and nuclear energy applications. Using point-by-point fabrication, the ultrafast laser was used to fabricate enhanced Rayleigh scattering profiles in radiation hardened fibers for distributed sensing. Using a phase mask approach, fiber Bragg grating sensors were produced for point temperature measurements. Both distributed fiber sensors and fiber Bragg grating sensors were used to perform real-time temperature profile measurements during operations of solid oxide fuel cells and during operation of a 6 MW nuclear research reactor. Test results presented in this paper demonstrated that both sensors can survive harsh environments of high temperatures to perform temperature profile measurements with high spatial resolutions.