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Meeting Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
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The U.S. Million Person Study of Low-Dose-Rate Health Effects
There is a critical knowledge gap regarding the health consequences of exposure to radiation received gradually over time. While there is a plethora of studies on the risks of adverse outcomes from both acute and high-dose exposures, including the landmark study of atomic bomb survivors, these are not characteristic of the chronic exposure to low-dose radiation encountered in occupational and public settings. In addition, smaller cohorts have limited numbers leading to reduced statistical power.
Joonas Linnosmaa, Janne Valkonen (VTT Technical Research Center of Finland), Peter Karpati, André Hauge, Fabien Sechi, Bjørn Axel Gran (OECD)
Proceedings | Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human-Machine Interface Technolgies (NPIC&HMIT 2019) | Orlando, FL, February 9-14, 2019 | Pages 276-289
Complexity of modern control and safety systems challenge the usual linear document-based presentation of system design. This complicates the work of designers, assessors and regulators comprehending the system, whose understanding often depends on building a mental model of the system and thus assessing its suitability. More rigorous and structured way to represent the system, than the linear documents-based, is model-based approach. Based on a literature review, SysML and AADL were identified as suitable candidates. They were tried in an exploratory case study modelling APR1400 reactor protection system, based on its linear description from a real applicant’s design control document. Effort was also taken to extract safety assurance information (for independence) from the documentation and organize it into a structured safety argument. Research serves also to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of model-based specification and assessment compared to document-based approaches. Modelling of the system based on design document and extracting safety assurance information was challenging. Results, based on the modelling experiences and literature review, argue that the studied architecture languages offer benefits over the use of natural language in clarity, ambiguity and traceability. However, using these architecture description languages require extensive modelling expertise and effort to allow a smooth modelling process and understanding. In addition, multidisciplinary insight into the system at both the conceptual level as well as hardware and software level is required. We also identified support of classical safety analysis methods within SysML and AADL.