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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
T. J. Carter
Nuclear Technology | Volume 45 | Number 2 | September 1979 | Pages 166-176
Technical Paper | Material | doi.org/10.13182/NT79-A32307
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In the quest to reduce cladding strain from power ramps and thereby reduce the incidence of defects, various aspects of pellet geometry have been examined. The influence of pellet end squareness was investigated in steady-power irradiation of UO2 with end tapers well in excess of the currently allowable deviation from end squareness, and no increase in postirradiation cladding strains was noticeable. Five ramp tests were performed to examine the effects of pellet length-to-diameter ratio, the width of the loadbearing annulus (shoulder) at the dished end, and the effect of adding a small 45-deg edge chamfer. Although cladding strains were significantly reduced by changes in pellet geometry, there appears little incentive to do so from the viewpoint of preventing Zircaloy cracking, since defects occurred in rods that had lower overall strains than those that survived.