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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
D. E. Deonigi
Nuclear Technology | Volume 18 | Number 2 | May 1973 | Pages 80-86
Technical Paper | A Review of Plutonium Utilization in Thermal Reactors / Reactor | doi.org/10.13182/NT73-A31279
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A generalized plutonium value equation is given which permits corrections for changes in separative work and uranium price:Pu value = AU - 0.16P
(incremental fabrication cost per kg fuel/g of fissile Pu/kg fuel). In this equation, A is the relative worth of 239Pu to 235U as fissile material, U is the cost of 93% enriched uranium, and P is the ratio of 242Pu content to fissile content. The optimum uranium enrichment to be used in plutonium-containing fuel rods is found to be equivalent to that of natural uranium. Incremental plutonium fabrication costs could go from ∼100% over the projected uranium fabrication cost of $44/kg in 1975 to a 35% increase over this figure in 1985. In considering the throwaway cycle, it is found that the reprocessing will cost $56/kg compared with $21/kg for the throwaway. This leaves the cost difference of $35 as the minimum value of plutonium and uranium in discharged fuel. The value of plutonium in 1975 is estimated to be $7.50/g fissile, increasing to $8.50/g fissile by 1985.