ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Aug 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2025
Nuclear Technology
Fusion Science and Technology
August 2025
Latest News
What’s in your Dubai chocolate? Nuclear scientists test pistachios for toxins
For the uninitiated, Dubai chocolate is a candy bar filled with pistachio and tahini cream and crispy pastry recently popularized by social media influencers. While it’s easy to dismiss as a viral craze now past its peak, the nutty green confection has spiked global pistachio demand, and growers and processors are ramping up production. That means more pistachios need to be tested for aflatoxins—a byproduct of a common crop mold.
R. L. French
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 19 | Number 2 | June 1964 | Pages 151-157
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE64-A28903
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A method has been developed for predicting the effect of an air/ground interface on the fast-neutron flux or dose at large distances from a point isotropic source of neutrons in air. The method yields numerical values for functions f(HS) and f(HD) that may be used to express the fast-neutron intensity as a function of source height HS, receiver height HD, and source-receiver separation distance R, in terms of the corresponding infinite air intensity I(R). Thus I(HS,HD,R) = f(HS)f(HD)I(R). The method is called the “First-Last Collision Model” because it is based on the influence of the ground upon the distribution of “first” collisions of neutrons about the source and of “last” collisions about the receiver. Generalized numerical results have been computed, and means have been developed for applying these results to specific cases* Comparisons of these results with those derived from Monte Carlo calculations, and from experiments performed at the ORNL Tower Shielding Facility and the Nevada Test Site indicate that the first-last collision model predicts the fraction of the infinite air intensity within 5 per cent in almost all cases.