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The busyness of the nuclear fuel supply chain
Ken Petersenpresident@ans.org
With all that is happening in the industry these days, the nuclear fuel supply chain is still a hot topic. The Russian assault in Ukraine continues to upend the “where” and “how” of attaining nuclear fuel—and it has also motivated U.S. legislators to act.
Two years into the Russian war with Ukraine, things are different. The Inflation Reduction Act was passed in 2022, authorizing $700 million in funding to support production of high-assay low-enriched uranium in the United States. Meanwhile, the Department of Energy this January issued a $500 million request for proposals to stimulate new HALEU production. The Emergency National Security Supplemental Appropriations Act of 2024 includes $2.7 billion in funding for new uranium enrichment production. This funding was diverted from the Civil Nuclear Credits program and will only be released if there is a ban on importing Russian uranium into the United States—which could happen by the time this column is published, as legislation that bans Russian uranium has passed the House as of this writing and is headed for the Senate. Also being considered is legislation that would sanction Russian uranium. Alternatively, the Biden-Harris administration may choose to ban Russian uranium without legislation in order to obtain access to the $2.7 billion in funding.
Seok Yoon, Min-Jun Kim, Seung-Rae Lee, Geon-Young Kim
Nuclear Technology | Volume 204 | Number 2 | November 2018 | Pages 213-226
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/00295450.2018.1471909
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A deep geological repository has been considered as one of the most appropriate options for the disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW), and it will be constructed in a host rock area at a depth of 500 to 1000 m below the ground surface. The geological repository system is based on the concept of an engineered barrier system, and it consists of a disposal canister with packed spent fuel, buffer material, backfill material, and intact rock. The buffer plays an important role to assure the disposal safety of HLW since it can restrain the release of radionuclides and protect the canister from the inflow of groundwater. Since an increased heat quantity is released from the disposal canister into the surrounding buffer material, the thermal conductivity of the buffer material constitutes a key parameter needed to analyze the entire disposal safety. Therefore, this study presents a thermal conductivity prediction model for compacted bentonite buffer material from Kyungju, which is the only bentonite produced in Korea. The thermal conductivity of the compacted bentonite buffer from Kyungju was measured using a hot-wire method according to varying degrees of saturation, dry density, and temperature. The measurements showed that the thermal conductivity was concurrently influenced by the degree of saturation, dry density, and temperature variation. A regression model was proposed to predict the thermal conductivity of the compacted bentonite buffer from Kyungju using the degree of saturation and the dry density as the dependent variables. An additional regression model was also introduced that incorporated the temperature variation as an additional dependent variable, and the two models were directly compared with each other.