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Glass strategy: Hanford’s enhanced waste glass program
The mission of the Department of Energy’s Office of River Protection (ORP) is to complete the safe cleanup of waste resulting from decades of nuclear weapons development. One of the most technologically challenging responsibilities is the safe disposition of approximately 56 million gallons of radioactive waste historically stored in 177 tanks at the Hanford Site in Washington state.
ORP has a clear incentive to reduce the overall mission duration and cost. One pathway is to develop and deploy innovative technical solutions that can advance baseline flow sheets toward higher efficiency operations while reducing identified risks without compromising safety. Vitrification is the baseline process that will convert both high-level and low-level radioactive waste at Hanford into a stable glass waste form for long-term storage and disposal.
Although vitrification is a mature technology, there are key areas where technology can further reduce operational risks, advance baseline processes to maximize waste throughput, and provide the underpinning to enhance operational flexibility; all steps in reducing mission duration and cost.
Jun Woo Bae, Hee Reyoung Kim
Nuclear Technology | Volume 192 | Number 3 | December 2015 | Pages 215-221
Technical Paper | Radiation Measurements and General Instrumentation | doi.org/10.13182/NT14-131
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A design and performance test of an antiscattering X-ray grid that is based on photosensitive glass was conducted using MCNP simulation. The simulation was designed in three parts: source, scatterer, and grid. The source was a cone type with a single energy of 50 keV, and the scatterer was designed as a box with elemental composition and density the same as those of a human body. Three types of grid were tested: ideal, injection, and electroplating. The ideal-type grid was generally known and contained only a shielding wall, the injection-type grid had the shielding material injected into the glass, and the electroplating-type grid had the shielding material electroplated on the glass lattice skeleton. The ideal-type grid showed a scattered and primary photon ratio (SPR) of 0.106, and the nongrid type showed an SPR of 0.159. The injection-type grid had an SPR of 0.126, which corresponded to 119.3% of that of the ideal type. The electroplating-type grid had an SPR of 0.0964, which corresponded to 93.7% of that of the ideal type. It was understood that the electroplating-type grid showed the most effective reduction of the scattered photons in terms of SPR.
