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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
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Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Th. U. Kaempfer, Y. Mishin, J. Brommundt, J. Roger, E. Treille, and N. Hubschwerlen
Nuclear Technology | Volume 187 | Number 2 | August 2014 | Pages 131-146
Technical Paper | Thermal Hydraulics | doi.org/10.13182/NT13-80
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Numerical simulation of multiphase flow and transport processes forms an important base for the assessment of deep geological repositories for radioactive waste. The finite volume simulation code TOUGH2-MP with its EOS7R equation-of-state module is a good starting point for large-scale simulations of the relevant processes, including solute transport of radionuclides, in and around a geological repository. On this base, we developed the equation-of-state module EOS75Rx that contains optimizations and specific extensions allowing for a much more efficient treatment of the problem at hand. First, hydrogen, which is formed by corrosion of waste containers and by radiolysis of organic wastes, replaces air as the main component of the gas phase. Second, an arbitrary number of variably long decay chains with branching can be considered. Third, solubility limitation and associated precipitation of chemical elements are modeled. Finally, a bug fix related to the source terms has been implemented. The new TOUGH2-MP EOS75Rx module has been validated using unitary tests and benchmark problems for the single- and two-phase flow and transport of radionuclides through porous media and soils. Its performance has been demonstrated by a large-scale, three-dimensional simulation of the performance of a generic deep geological repository in clay host rock.
