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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
Vincent Hedberg, Mikhail Morev, Marco Silari, Zuzana Zajacová
Nuclear Technology | Volume 173 | Number 3 | March 2011 | Pages 327-331
Technical Note | Radiation Measurements and Instrumentation | doi.org/10.13182/NT11-A11666
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Predictions of high-energy hadron activation of liquid argon in the calorimeter of A Thoroidal LHC ApparatuS (ATLAS) were carried out by folding particle flux spectra with the radionuclide production cross sections. Calculations were performed with a wide array of input data. Six sets of cross sections were folded with two sets of particle flux spectra, and the results were compared. The particle fluxes were obtained from simulations with the Monte Carlo radiation transport codes FLUKA and GCALOR. The cross-section sets were calculated according to the Rudstam and the Silberberg-Tsao formulas; taken from the Japanese Evaluated Nuclear Data Library (JENDL) and the Medium Energy Nuclear Data Library (MENDL); obtained from the Large Hadron Collider air activation studies; and compiled from various, predominantly experimental, sources.