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Materials Science & Technology
The objectives of MSTD are: promote the advancement of materials science in Nuclear Science Technology; support the multidisciplines which constitute it; encourage research by providing a forum for the presentation, exchange, and documentation of relevant information; promote the interaction and communication among its members; and recognize and reward its members for significant contributions to the field of materials science in nuclear technology.
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2024 ANS Annual Conference
June 16–19, 2024
Las Vegas, NV|Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino
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The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
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Latest News
G7 pledges support for nuclear at Italy meeting
The Group of Seven (G7) recommitted its support for nuclear energy in the countries that opt to use it at a Ministerial Meeting on Climate in Italy last month.
In a statement following the April meeting, the group committed to support multilateral efforts to strengthen the resilience of nuclear supply chains, referencing the goal set by 25 countries during last year’s COP28 climate conference in Dubai to triple global nuclear generating capacity by 2050.
Carlotta G. Ghezzi, Brian D. Wirth, Nicholas R. Brown
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 198 | Number 5 | May 2024 | Pages 1036-1050
Research Article | doi.org/10.1080/00295639.2023.2230031
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
This work assesses the failure behavior of the silicon carbide (SiC) layer in TRIstructural ISOtropic (TRISO) fuel particles with BISON during both steady-state and transient conditions for the MHTGR-350 design by General Atomics. A one-dimensional BISON model for a uranium oxycarbide–bearing TRISO is developed to simulate a power level of 50 mW/particles up to 12.4% fissions per initial metal atom (FIMA). Stress predictions for the materials of interest are presented as a function of burnup, along with the SiC failure probability computed using Weibull statistics under the assumption of realistic SiC quality.
A design-basis accident (DBA) that involves control rod withdrawal is then simulated in BISON at various burnup levels. Boundary conditions during the DBA are obtained from RELAP5-3D. The predicted SiC failure probability is 3 × 10−14%. This value does not increase during the transient as a function of burnup since irradiation induces a compressive hoop stress state that reaches a maximum absolute value of around 300 MPa. This compressive stress compensates the tensile loading conditions introduced by the transient. The tensile components appear amplified at higher burnups since they increase from 100 to 140 MPa going from 6% FIMA to 12.4% FIMA. Nonetheless, burnup provides a negligible impact on the overall failure probability predictions for SiC, as transient conditions do not translate to a stress increase toward tensile values at any of the considered burnups.
Additionally, a two-dimensional (2-D) exploratory BISON model is developed to determine the effects of inner pyrolytic carbon (IPyC) crack formation on SiC. IPyC failure is predicted using Weibull statistics at 105 days from the beginning of irradiation, which is set as the time for crack initiation using XFEM in the 2-D BISON model. Stress concentrations induced by the crack cause the SiC failure probability to increase with respect to the intact particle case by approximately 10 orders of magnitude. Maximum stress concentrations are found at the time of crack formation, after which stress relaxation is observed during remaining steady-state irradiations and subsequent transient simulations. Considerations are made on the results of the 2-D model being contingent on both mechanical and anisotropy properties for pyrolytic carbon. Recommendations are provided for future work involving higher dimensionality models, further investigations on uncertainties, material properties, and additional designs, such as the fluoride salt-cooled high-temperature reactor, that operate at higher burnups.