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Commercial nuclear innovation "new space" age
In early 2006, a start-up company launched a small rocket from a tiny island in the Pacific. It exploded, showering the island with debris. A year later, a second launch attempt sent a rocket to space but failed to make orbit, burning up in the atmosphere. Another year brought a third attempt—and a third failure. The following month, in September 2008, the company used the last of its funds to launch a fourth rocket. It reached orbit, making history as the first privately funded liquid-fueled rocket to do so.
F. B. Simpson, W. H. Burgus, J. E. Evans, H. W. Kirby
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 12 | Number 2 | February 1962 | Pages 243-249
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE62-A26064
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The total cross section for Pa231 was measured from 0.01 ev to 2 kev, with the use of the Materials Testing Reactor fast chopper with resolutions from 0.040 to 2.0 µsec/meter. The Breit-Wigner resonance parameters have been obtained for the resonances below 11.0 ev. These measurements were made with samples prepared from 0.558 gm of Pa2O5. Weighting the level spacings inversely as 2J + 1 gives the average observed level spacings per spin state of 0.72 and 1.2 ev. This is one of the smallest spacings observed in any isotope. The average parameters give a value of 0.63 × 10−4 for the s-wave neutron strength function . A linear least squares fit to the data between 0.015 and 0.03 ev gives a value of 211 ± 2 barns for the thermal cross section. The resonance absorption integral (for neutrons with energies > 0.1 ev) is 1560 ± 55 barns, with a contribution of approximately 65% from the 0.396 ev resonance.