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Commercial nuclear innovation "new space" age
In early 2006, a start-up company launched a small rocket from a tiny island in the Pacific. It exploded, showering the island with debris. A year later, a second launch attempt sent a rocket to space but failed to make orbit, burning up in the atmosphere. Another year brought a third attempt—and a third failure. The following month, in September 2008, the company used the last of its funds to launch a fourth rocket. It reached orbit, making history as the first privately funded liquid-fueled rocket to do so.
S. M. Ghiaasiaan, J. D. Bohner, S. I. Abdel-Khalik
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 123 | Number 1 | May 1996 | Pages 136-146
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE96-A24218
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Countercurrent flow limitation in channels with evaporation taking place inside them is examined. Countercurrent flow limitation in short, small-diameter channels subject to purely axial, purely radial, and combined axial and radial gas injection is studied. Experiments were performed using air and water, with channel diameters 0.475 to 1.91 cm and channel lengths 1.27 to 5.72 cm. Purely axial gas injection data are shown to agree with Wallis’s correlation but with coefficients that strongly depend on channel dimensions. Purely radial gas injection data and data obtained with combined axial and radial gas injection result in flooding curves significantly different from those representing the purely axial gas injection data and indicate that near complete flooding (zero liquid penetration) can occur in small-diameter and short channels due to relatively small radial gas injection rates. Flooding curves for long or large-diameter channels are insensitive to the gas injection configuration, however.