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Commercial nuclear innovation "new space" age
In early 2006, a start-up company launched a small rocket from a tiny island in the Pacific. It exploded, showering the island with debris. A year later, a second launch attempt sent a rocket to space but failed to make orbit, burning up in the atmosphere. Another year brought a third attempt—and a third failure. The following month, in September 2008, the company used the last of its funds to launch a fourth rocket. It reached orbit, making history as the first privately funded liquid-fueled rocket to do so.
E. Kim, T. Nakamura, A. Konno, Y. Uwamino, N. Nakanishi, M. Imamura, N. Nakao, S. Shibata, S. Tanaka
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 129 | Number 3 | July 1998 | Pages 209-223
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE98-A1977
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The neutron spallation cross sections of 12C and 209Bi have been measured in the quasi-monoenergetic p-7Li neutron fields in the 20- and 150-MeV energy range. The irradiation experiments were performed at four cyclotron facilities: (a) the Institute for Nuclear Study (INS), University of Tokyo; (b) the Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University; (c) the Takasaki Research Establishment (TIARA), Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute; and (d) the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN). The neutron spectrum has been measured with the time-of-flight method using an organic liquid scintillator, and the absolute value of peak neutron fluence has been estimated from the activation method of lithium target at INS, RIKEN, and the proton recoil counter telescope at TIARA. The cross-section data of 12C(n,2n)11C and 209Bi(n,xn) (x = 3,12) reactions are reported. Our experimental data were compared with other experimental data [only for 12C(n,2n)11C and 209Bi(n,3n)207Bi reactions] and the ENDF/B-VI high-energy file data. The comparison showed good agreement between our data and others. Our data of 209Bi(n,xn) reactions above 20 MeV and of 12C(n,2n)11C reactions above 40 MeV are the first experimental data and will be applied to high-energy neutron spectrometry for the Bi spallation detector.