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60 Years of U: Perspectives on resources, demand, and the evolving role of nuclear energy
Recent years have seen growing global interest in nuclear energy and rising confidence in the sector. For the first time since the early 2000s, there is renewed optimism about the industry’s future. This change is driven by several major factors: geopolitical developments that highlight the need for secure energy supplies, a stronger focus on resilient energy systems, national commitments to decarbonization, and rising demand for clean and reliable electricity.
François Bachoc, Karim Ammar, Jean-Marc Martinez
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 183 | Number 3 | July 2016 | Pages 387-406
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE15-108
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
It is now common practice in nuclear engineering to base extensive studies on numerical computer models. These studies require running computer codes in potentially thousands of numerical configurations and without expert individual controls on the computational and physical aspects of each simulation. In this paper, we compare different statistical metamodeling techniques and show how metamodels can help improve the global behavior of codes in these extensive studies. We consider the metamodeling of the Germinal thermomechanical code by Kriging, kernel regression, and neural networks. Kriging provides the most accurate predictions, while neural networks yield the fastest metamodel functions. All three metamodels can conveniently detect strong computation failures. However, it is more challenging to detect code instabilities, that is, groups of computations that are all valid but numerically inconsistent with one another. For code instability detection, we find that Kriging provides an interesting tool.