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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Tejbir Singh, Paramjeet Kaur, Parjit S. Singh
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 156 | Number 2 | June 2007 | Pages 229-243
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE07-A2699
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Mass attenuation coefficient, effective atomic number, and electron density of 12 organic acids, acetic acid (C2H4O2), acrylic acid (C3H4O2), benzoic acid (C7H6O2), butyric acid (C4H8O2), citric acid (C6H8O7), formic acid (CH2O2), lactic acid (C3H6O3), malic acid (C4H6O5), oxalic acid (C2H2O4), salicylic acid (C7H6O3), tartaric acid (C4H6O6), and valeric acid (C5H10O2), were computed in the wide energy range of incident photon energies from 1 keV to 100 GeV. The variation of these parameters has been studied as a function of incident photon energy. Further, a comparative study of two different methods used to compute effective atomic number is completed.
