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  The U.S. Million Person Study of Low-Dose-Rate Health Effects
  There is a critical knowledge gap regarding the health consequences of exposure to radiation received gradually over time. While there is a plethora of studies on the risks of adverse outcomes from both acute and high-dose exposures, including the landmark study of atomic bomb survivors, these are not characteristic of the chronic exposure to low-dose radiation encountered in occupational and public settings. In addition, smaller cohorts have limited numbers leading to reduced statistical power.
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We show that upper bounds exist on the density of neutrons that can be moderated to a specified energy from an intense pulsed source of fast neutrons. Expressions are derived for the maximum density in the following cases: (a) a uniform infection of fast neutrons into an infinite moderator, (b) a localized central source in a finite heavy atom moderator, and (c) a point source in an infinite hydrogenous moderator. Correspondingly, upper bounds are given for the rates of single- and multiple-resonance neutron capture.