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Retrieval of nuclear waste canisters from a borehole
Borehole disposal of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and high-level waste (HLW) uses off-the-shelf directional drilling technology developed and commercialized by the oil and gas sectors. It is a technology that has been gaining traction in recent years in the nuclear industry. Disposal can be done in one or more boreholes (including an array) drilled into suitable sedimentary, igneous, or metamorphic host rocks. Waste is encapsulated in specialized corrosion-resistant canisters, which are placed end to end in disposal sections of relatively small-diameter boreholes that have been cased and fluid-filled. After emplacement, the vertical access hole is plugged and backfilled as an engineered barrier.
H. Katsuta, D. Smith, Y. Kato, T. Hua, L. Green, Y. Hoshi, S. Cevolani, S. Konishi
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 30 | Number 3 | December 1996 | Pages 1152-1160
Neutron Sources for Fusion Technology Testing | doi.org/10.13182/FST96-A11963104
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The lithium target facility design has been developed in the Conceptual Design Activities for the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility(IFMIF). As for the lithium target design, the replaceable backwall concept is selected as a reference design with the cell environment of 10-1Pa, and the free jet and Fusion Materials Irradiation Test Facility(FMIT) type design are carried as the option. In the lithium loop design the single loop is layed out to provide the lithium flow to the two targets with redundant components including tanks, heat exchangers, lithium purification systems, and lithium monitoring systems for high availability. Total lithium flow capability of 120 liter/s is provided by single electromagnetic pump, and the total lithium inventory is 22,300 liters.