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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Jacques Dufour
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 24 | Number 2 | September 1993 | Pages 205-228
Technical Notes on Cold Fusion | doi.org/10.13182/FST93-A30228
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Excess energy production, well above the background and in amounts of the same order of magnitude as the input energy, has been measured that has been caused by sparking in hydrogen isotopes between electrodes made of metallic hydride-forming metals (palladium and stainless steel). This excess energy production is stable over long periods (several weeks) and is observed with both hydrogen and deuterium. Only extremely low levels of neutrons and tritium have been detected, many orders of magnitude below what would be expected from the excess energy production measured. On the contrary, copious emission of low-energy radiation (likely to be beta rays) has been observed. A class of hypothetical nuclear reactions, based on the action of the weak electronuclear force, is proposed that accounts f or all the experimental f acts observed.