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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Tsutomu Sato, Makoto Okamoto, Poong Kim, Yasuhiko Fujii, Otohiko Aizawa
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 19 | Number 2 | March 1991 | Pages 357-363
Technical Note | doi.org/10.13182/FST91-A29368
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Neutron measurements are conducted during heavy water electrolysis in a glass cell equipped with a palladium cathode and a platinum anode set in separate electrode compartments. The electrolysis shows neutron emission peaks at 5 h (runs 1 and 2) and at 20 h (run 3) after start-up. The neutron emission peaks were clearly detected by independent A and B 3He counter channels; the peak values exceed 3σ. The neutron emissions are confirmed to occur in bursts.
