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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Harold R. Garner, Takashi Aoki
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 9 | Number 3 | May 1986 | Pages 481-483
Technical Paper | Experimental Device | doi.org/10.13182/FST86-A24734
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A significant improvement in plasma parameters (ion temperature and electron temperature) has been achieved through the use of pulse discharge cleaning in the mirror machine, RFC-XX-M, in Nagoya, Japan. The essence of this technique is to use pulsed-off-resonance ion cyclotron heating (10-ms duration every 10 s), gas puffing, and electron cyclotron heating preionization in conjunction with baking (to 100 to 150°C) in order to prepare the machine surfaces for full-power normal experimental shots. It was also found that RFC-XX-M could operate at nearly full parameters without titanium gettering after discharge cleaning, whereas without discharge cleaning and titanium gettering it is difficult to sustain a plasma.
