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September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Masaaki Yamada
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 9 | Number 1 | January 1986 | Pages 38-47
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/FST86-A24699
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A review of experimental spheromak research is presented, together with prospects of near-future experiments and some reactor considerations. In the several experiments based on different schemes, a major effort has recently been made to improve the global magnetohydrodynamic stability and plasma parameters. Electron temperatures sufficiently high to exceed the low-Z radiation barrier have been achieved, and the extensive study of the transport characteristics has begun, aiming to attain more reactor-relevant plasmas with larger current. Finally, an improved conceptual design of a small spheromak reactor is presented, based on a flux injection technique recently developed at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory.