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Fusion Science and Technology
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Glass strategy: Hanford’s enhanced waste glass program
The mission of the Department of Energy’s Office of River Protection (ORP) is to complete the safe cleanup of waste resulting from decades of nuclear weapons development. One of the most technologically challenging responsibilities is the safe disposition of approximately 56 million gallons of radioactive waste historically stored in 177 tanks at the Hanford Site in Washington state.
ORP has a clear incentive to reduce the overall mission duration and cost. One pathway is to develop and deploy innovative technical solutions that can advance baseline flow sheets toward higher efficiency operations while reducing identified risks without compromising safety. Vitrification is the baseline process that will convert both high-level and low-level radioactive waste at Hanford into a stable glass waste form for long-term storage and disposal.
Although vitrification is a mature technology, there are key areas where technology can further reduce operational risks, advance baseline processes to maximize waste throughput, and provide the underpinning to enhance operational flexibility; all steps in reducing mission duration and cost.
Y. Yamaguchi et al.
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 55 | Number 2 | February 2009 | Pages 106-109
Technical Paper | Seventh International Conference on Open Magnetic Systems for Plasma Confinement | doi.org/10.13182/FST09-A6992
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
This manuscript reports the high density plasma production with a pair of phase controlled ion-cyclotron range of frequency antennas in GAMMA 10. For the plasma production, the Radio Frequency (RF) power (~10 MHz) is coupled to the fast Alfvén wave in the central cell. The antenna-plasma coupling depends strongly on the antenna structure. In this study, according to the numerical prediction, a pair of double half-turn and Nagoya Type-III antennas is adopted for the excitation of the fast wave. The antennas are driven at the same frequency with controlling their phase difference. It is observed that an optimum phase difference exists in the present density range. The density increases with the RF power and the gas-fuelling rate, when the phase difference is set to the optimum value. The considerable increase in the density was obtained up to twice as large as the conventional value.