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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Glass strategy: Hanford’s enhanced waste glass program
The mission of the Department of Energy’s Office of River Protection (ORP) is to complete the safe cleanup of waste resulting from decades of nuclear weapons development. One of the most technologically challenging responsibilities is the safe disposition of approximately 56 million gallons of radioactive waste historically stored in 177 tanks at the Hanford Site in Washington state.
ORP has a clear incentive to reduce the overall mission duration and cost. One pathway is to develop and deploy innovative technical solutions that can advance baseline flow sheets toward higher efficiency operations while reducing identified risks without compromising safety. Vitrification is the baseline process that will convert both high-level and low-level radioactive waste at Hanford into a stable glass waste form for long-term storage and disposal.
Although vitrification is a mature technology, there are key areas where technology can further reduce operational risks, advance baseline processes to maximize waste throughput, and provide the underpinning to enhance operational flexibility; all steps in reducing mission duration and cost.
Zongwei Wang, Qi Wang, Xuesen Zhao, Yong Hu, Dangzhong Gao, Jie Meng, Xing Tang, Xiaojun Ma
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 75 | Number 4 | May 2019 | Pages 308-316
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2019.1565855
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Noncontact radiography is developed to determine the doping concentration of inertial confinement fusion shells based on an improved equivalent absorption method by real-time X-ray imaging. Elements of high atomic number (high-Z)/middle atomic number (mid-Z) are doped into the shells to prevent hot electrons from preheating the fuel and to restrain the growth of hydromechanic instability. In this paper, an improved equivalent absorption model is developed to determine doping concentration by real-time X-ray imaging. Compared to contact radiography (CR) with film imaging, this technique can be used to obtain doping concentrations at different angles as a supplement to the CR method, even if the dynamic range of a charge-coupled device is less than film imaging. Experiments are carried out to determine the doping concentrations of Ge-doped and Si-doped shells. Uncertainties of the results are analyzed, and the expanded uncertainties are approximated to 0.1 at. % (K = 2, confidence factor). The experimental results show that there is a high level of agreement between this method and energy dispersive spectroscopy with the modified model.