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Fusion Science and Technology
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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
S. J. Yoo, H. L. Yang, M. Jung, T. Lho, D. C. Kim, B. J. Lee, J. S. Kim, G. H. Kim
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 43 | Number 1 | January 2003 | Pages 286-288
Diagnostics | doi.org/10.13182/FST03-A11963616
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Two types of neutral beam sources have been developed in order to measure plasma parameters on the Hanbit mirror device. The first source is a diagnostic neutral beam (DNB) which consists of a hydrogen neutral beam with a beam energy of 30 keV and a total beam current of ca. 1 A. The ion temperature profile can be determined by measuring directly the broadening of the Hα line emitted from hydrogen neutrals produced through the charge exchange recombination reaction with the DNB in the plasma. A fibre optic array detector, which works as an ideal notching filter, was developed to filter out the intense Hα line emitted from the cold hydrogen atoms in the plasma edge. The second source is a hyperthermal neutral beam (HNB) which consists of neutral particles with an energy of 1-100 eV. The HNB can be used to measure electron temperature and density profiles in the region between the core and the outer edge. This region cannot be covered either by Thomson scattering or by electrostatic probes. The feasibility of obtaining profiles of electron density and temperature by means of a helium HNB with a collisonal radiative equilibrium code has been performed.