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Commercial nuclear innovation "new space" age
In early 2006, a start-up company launched a small rocket from a tiny island in the Pacific. It exploded, showering the island with debris. A year later, a second launch attempt sent a rocket to space but failed to make orbit, burning up in the atmosphere. Another year brought a third attempt—and a third failure. The following month, in September 2008, the company used the last of its funds to launch a fourth rocket. It reached orbit, making history as the first privately funded liquid-fueled rocket to do so.
P. I. Strand, W. A. Houlberg
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 39 | Number 2 | March 2001 | Pages 1091-1095
Plasma Engineering, Heating, and Current Drive | doi.org/10.13182/FST01-A11963389
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The magnetic flux evolution problem in toroidal plasmas is formulated in a framework suitable for integrating externally imposed magnetic field components with internal components from bootstrap current and auxiliary current drive. The formulation is applicable to 3-dimensional (3-D) stellarator equilibria, and reduces to 2-D form for axisymmetric plasmas. Here the numerical implementation of this framework is described. Conservative integrations schemes, resolution close to the magnetic axis, and efficient methods for flux surface averaging are discussed. Results from the test code THRIFT (THRee dimensional Inductive Flux evolution in Toroidal plasmas) are used to illustrate numerical convergence properties for a low aspect ratio stellarator and the axisymmetric NSTX spherical torus.
