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Glass strategy: Hanford’s enhanced waste glass program
The mission of the Department of Energy’s Office of River Protection (ORP) is to complete the safe cleanup of waste resulting from decades of nuclear weapons development. One of the most technologically challenging responsibilities is the safe disposition of approximately 56 million gallons of radioactive waste historically stored in 177 tanks at the Hanford Site in Washington state.
ORP has a clear incentive to reduce the overall mission duration and cost. One pathway is to develop and deploy innovative technical solutions that can advance baseline flow sheets toward higher efficiency operations while reducing identified risks without compromising safety. Vitrification is the baseline process that will convert both high-level and low-level radioactive waste at Hanford into a stable glass waste form for long-term storage and disposal.
Although vitrification is a mature technology, there are key areas where technology can further reduce operational risks, advance baseline processes to maximize waste throughput, and provide the underpinning to enhance operational flexibility; all steps in reducing mission duration and cost.
Victor V. Bulanin
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 35 | Number 1 | January 1999 | Pages 141-145
Oral Presentations | doi.org/10.13182/FST99-A11963839
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The scattering of electromagnetic waves is a primary importance of the short wave fluctuation studies in the fusion research plasmas. Among the scattering diagnostics the CO2-laser one is favorable for a number of reasons. It is insensitive to refraction distortions, is capable of easy coupling with a plasma machines and much more cheaply compared to far infrared scattering technique. The current status the diagnostics based on the light mixture detection principle is considered in the report. This kind of diagnostics for plasma micro-turbulence investigation is mostly employed in toroidal magnetic systems. However its application for the same purpose in mirror plasmas may be perspective as well. Two options of CO2-laser scattering diagnostics developed for FT-2 tokamak are presented. There are distinguished by a kind of laser probing sources and ω-K regions of density fluctuations. The diagnostics capabilities are exemplified by the recent results of CO2-laser scattering experiments in the FT-2 tokamak. The perspectives of the CO2-laser scattering are analyzed for small-scale fluctuation study in open magnetic confinement systems.
