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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
P.A. Finn, R.G. Clemmer, L. Greenwood, A. Lide, D.K. Sze, J.L. Anderson, R. Sherman, J.R. Bartlit, Y. Naruse, H. Yoshida
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 15 | Number 2 | March 1989 | Pages 680-686
Blanket and Shield Design | doi.org/10.13182/FST89-A39776
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A breeder blanket interface for an aqueous lithium salt blanket is defined for TSTA. High calculated radiolysis rates result in a high overpressure in the blanket and the need for a depressurizer and a recombiner system. High projected corrosion rates for stainless steel and for beryllium result in high activity levels in the blanket and the possible dissolution of the beryllium balls. The required tritium processing systems are complex, involving seven separation steps. A flow sheet is presented of the needed tritium systems. The main processing units to recover tritium from the salt solution are a flash evaporator with condenser, a water distillation unit, and a vapor phase chemical exchange (VPCE) unit. The gas product stream from the blanket has an H/T ratio of 105 which requires a dedicated cryodistillation unit of very high capacity. This unit has a first column with a diameter of almost one meter to decrease the H/T ratio to 10.