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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Kei Kodera, Yuto Takeuchi, Yasushi Yamamoto, Hiroshi Yamada
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 44 | Number 2 | September 2003 | Pages 554-558
Technical Paper | Fusion Energy - Nonelectric Applications | doi.org/10.13182/FST03-A396
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
For the purpose of making use a torus type magnetic confinement device as a high current electron source by extracting runaway electrons, we investigated magnetic fields' configuration and calculated electron orbits by numerical simulation. Extraction coils which generate field to lead electrons to outside of the device, also strongly disturbed magnetic field in partly installed case. We propose new cancellation coil setups. The numerical calculation shows influence of extraction coils are reduced, and as a results, the maximum radius of magnetic surface is almost the same as the case of setting up extraction coils all around device.We also traced the electron acceleration and extraction orbits from low energy in confinement area. Through that, we estimated the extraction ratio of the runaway electrons and their averaged energy. The results show that 70% of the runaway electrons can be extracted and the averaged energy of those electrons is 4 keV in case of all direction extraction.