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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
P. Chakraborty, P. K. Pradhan, R. K. Fotedar, N. Krishnamurthy
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 65 | Number 2 | March-April 2014 | Pages 332-337
Technical Note | doi.org/10.13182/FST13-661
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In order to investigate the effect of nickel saturation on the corrosion of Type 316L stainless steel (SS 316L) by Pb-17Li, a SS 316L test capsule was fabricated and filled with Pb-17Li along with some Ni chunks. The system was maintained at a temperature gradient of 923 to 623 K for 3200 h. Characterization of SS 316L tube samples from various temperature locations by an electron probe microanalyzer revealed that dissolution of Ni from the steel matrix could be effectively suppressed in this manner, though leaching of Cr and Fe could not be prevented. No nickel depletion from SS 316L was observed in the tube at the higher temperature (923 K), even after 3200 h, whereas nickel encrustations were found in low-temperature areas. The saturation of Pb-17Li by the added nickel had possibly prevented Ni dissolution from the SS 316L surface, and thereby, the formation of a porous corroded layer could be avoided.