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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
Glass strategy: Hanford’s enhanced waste glass program
The mission of the Department of Energy’s Office of River Protection (ORP) is to complete the safe cleanup of waste resulting from decades of nuclear weapons development. One of the most technologically challenging responsibilities is the safe disposition of approximately 56 million gallons of radioactive waste historically stored in 177 tanks at the Hanford Site in Washington state.
ORP has a clear incentive to reduce the overall mission duration and cost. One pathway is to develop and deploy innovative technical solutions that can advance baseline flow sheets toward higher efficiency operations while reducing identified risks without compromising safety. Vitrification is the baseline process that will convert both high-level and low-level radioactive waste at Hanford into a stable glass waste form for long-term storage and disposal.
Although vitrification is a mature technology, there are key areas where technology can further reduce operational risks, advance baseline processes to maximize waste throughput, and provide the underpinning to enhance operational flexibility; all steps in reducing mission duration and cost.
T. Nishimura, T. Hatano, T. Honda, M. Saito
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 44 | Number 1 | July 2003 | Pages 237-241
Technical Paper | Fusion Energy - Divertor and Plasma-Facing Components | doi.org/10.13182/FST03-A340
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The long pulse operation is assumed in ITER and future reactors. If the first wall has a defect, the crack may be propagated by cyclic thermal loads. In addition, flattop of more than 300 sec during plasma burning is expected, therefore, an effect of transient creep must be included. In order to simulate a severe temperature gradient in the first wall, an experimental facility was designed using an electron beam (EB) as a heat source, which has a distinct feature that the various plasma burning scenarios can be simulated by controlling the beam power so as to make surface temperature of the specimen to be fixed. To clarify the crack growth mechanism and the effects of transient creep, elastic-plastic stress analysis and creep analysis were performed. It is concluded that the creep effect during the operation duration period enlarges the residual tensile stress in the cooling period, and that consequently the crack propagation length increases.