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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
J. E. Klein, J. R. Wermer
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 41 | Number 3 | May 2002 | Pages 776-781
Hydride and Storage | Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology Tsukuba, Japan November 12-16, 2001 | doi.org/10.13182/FST02-A22690
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
For metal hydride bed disposal, tritium can be exchanged or replaced with deuterium or protium through successive dilution and removal. Analytical expressions are derived to describe the batch isotopic exchange process for metal hydrides with and without isotopic separation by the hydride. For the case without isotopic separation and the hydride being desorbed to the same gas inventory each exchange cycle, simple mathematical expressions are obtained. These equations can be used to estimate the number of exchange cycles needed to reduce the tritium content of a hydride to the desired inventory. Isotopic exchange predictions agreed with experimental results for La-Ni-Al alloys and titanium hydrides.