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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Caipin Zhou, Jiancheng Yan, Yong Liu, Dequan Liu
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 42 | Number 1 | July 2002 | Pages 102-106
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/FST02-A216
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
This paper describes the recent progress of the HL-2A project. HL-2A is the first tokamak with divertor in China. The main parameters of HL-2A are major radius, R = 1.64 m; minor radius, r = 0.38 m; toroidal field, Bt = 2.8 T; plasma current, Ip = 480 kA; and current flattop time, t = 2 to 5 s. Subjects related to the divertor, confinement, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities, heating and current drive, fueling, etc., will be investigated with HL-2A. Significant progress in the construction of the HL-2A tokamak has been achieved recently. This paper describes the development of major components and the installation of the machine. The commissioning of the HL-2A machine will begin in the middle of 2002. The HL-2A physics research program has been proposed and will emphasize the divertor, MHD instabilities, and confinement.
