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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
D. C. McDonald, Y. Andrew, G. T. A. Huysmans, A. Loarte, J. Ongena, J. Rapp, S. Saarelma
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 53 | Number 4 | May 2008 | Pages 891-957
Technical Paper | Special Issue on Joint European Torus (jet) | doi.org/10.13182/FST08-A1743
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A wide range of studies on JET have contributed greatly to the development of the ELMy H-mode as a high-performance scenario for fusion devices and to the understanding of the physical processes that underlie it. Development has focused on the production of a high-performance, high-density, stationary scenario suited to deuterium-tritium operation and with small edge energy loads. Physics studies have made strong progress in the understanding of the L-H threshold, energy confinement, pedestal physics, and edge-localized mode behavior. A strong focus of this work has been providing a basis for extrapolation to future machines, such as ITER, for which, as the largest existing tokamak, JET has been of particular importance.