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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
T. Iimura et al.
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 63 | Number 1 | May 2013 | Pages 271-273
doi.org/10.13182/FST13-A16925
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In GAMMA 10, Alfvén-ion-cyclotron (AIC) waves are spontaneously excited because of the perpendicular ions heating with ion cyclotron range of frequency waves. High-energy ions are transported to axial direction with pitch angle scattering owing to the AIC waves. In the high-energy ion signal detected with a semiconductor detector, the fluctuations with the differential frequencies between discrete peaks of the AIC waves are clearly observed. Recently, a microwave reflectometer detected the AIC mode in the anchor cell. The high-energy ions signal in the axial direction also increases when the AIC mode is excited.