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Glass strategy: Hanford’s enhanced waste glass program
The mission of the Department of Energy’s Office of River Protection (ORP) is to complete the safe cleanup of waste resulting from decades of nuclear weapons development. One of the most technologically challenging responsibilities is the safe disposition of approximately 56 million gallons of radioactive waste historically stored in 177 tanks at the Hanford Site in Washington state.
ORP has a clear incentive to reduce the overall mission duration and cost. One pathway is to develop and deploy innovative technical solutions that can advance baseline flow sheets toward higher efficiency operations while reducing identified risks without compromising safety. Vitrification is the baseline process that will convert both high-level and low-level radioactive waste at Hanford into a stable glass waste form for long-term storage and disposal.
Although vitrification is a mature technology, there are key areas where technology can further reduce operational risks, advance baseline processes to maximize waste throughput, and provide the underpinning to enhance operational flexibility; all steps in reducing mission duration and cost.
A. Kojima et al. (19P22)
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 51 | Number 2 | February 2007 | Pages 274-276
Technical Paper | Open Magnetic Systems for Plasma Confinement | doi.org/10.13182/FST07-A1373
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The radial particle flux induced by the fluctuation is measured by a Gold Neutral Beam Probe. Then the transient transport phenomenon induced by the fluctuation is investigated in the tandem mirror GAMMA 10. When the drift wave is excited at the central cell, the density near the center is reduced and the divergence of the flux becomes similar to the time derivative of the electron density. It shows that the density reduction is caused by the flux induced by the drift wave. After the density reduction, the drift wave is saturated and comes to the steady state because the density reduction accompanies the reduction of density gradient. Therefore, the transport phenomenon accompanying the growth and saturation of the drift wave is observed experimentally. In the steady state, the phase difference obeys the boltzman relation including the electron non-adiabatic term.