ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Jul 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2025
Nuclear Technology
August 2025
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Y. Tanaka et al. (19P19)
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 51 | Number 2 | February 2007 | Pages 265-267
Technical Paper | Open Magnetic Systems for Plasma Confinement | doi.org/10.13182/FST07-A1370
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In the Tohoku University Heliac (TU-Heliac), hot-cathode biasing experiment has been carried out. Poloidal Mach number exceeded unity, and reached 5 (supersonic regime). Increase of the electron density and decrease of the impurity influx were observed. It is important to study the anomalous transport for evaluation of the improvement. Then potential and density fluctuation (~600 kHz) measurement system were installed to the TU-Heliac. Characteristics of the fluctuations in the hot-cathode-biased supersonic plasma were measured. The fluctuation of (i) low frequency band (<10 kHz) and (ii) high frequency band (100~300 kHz) had large power spectra. The fluctuations between these bands (10~100 kHz) were suppressed. The potential fluctuation level was larger more than one order of the density fluctuation level in the low frequency band (<10 kHz), and comparable to the density fluctuation level in the high frequency band (100~300 kHz).
