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September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Yuka Togashi, Masanori Hara
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 60 | Number 4 | November 2011 | Pages 1471-1474
Interaction with Materials | Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology (Part 2) | doi.org/10.13182/FST11-A12709
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
To understand the water vapor transport through a polypropylene film at near ambient temperature, water vapor permeation and sorption measurements were carried out using tritiated water as tracer. The activation energy and frequency factor of the permeability were found to be 11 kJ/mol and 1.5 x 10-10 cm3(STP) cm cm-2 s-1 Pa-1, respectively. The corresponding values of the solubility were determined to be -30 kJ/mol and 2.9 x 10-10 cm3(STP) cm-3 Pa-1. Because the permeation can be described by a one-dimensional diffusion model, the diffusion coefficient was evaluated from the quotient of permeability and solubility. The activation energy of water diffusion through polypropylene was calculated to be 41 kJ/mol.
