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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
Toshihiko Yamanishi et al.
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 60 | Number 3 | October 2011 | Pages 1083-1087
Concept and Facility | Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Tritium Science and Technology | doi.org/10.13182/FST11-A12603
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Tritium Process Laboratory (TPL) in Japan Atomic Energy Agency has been established as the only facility to handle over 1 gram of in Japan on 1985. Since March 1988, TPL has been operated with tritium, and no tritium release accident has been observed. The average tritium concentration in a stream from a stack of the TPL to environment was 71 Bq/m3, and was 1/70 of the Japanese regulation value for HTO. The failure data have been analyzed for several main components of the safety systems such as pumps, valves, and monitors. The tritium waste data has also been accumulated as liquid and solid waste from TPL. A series of accountancy technologies for tritium has been developed through the operation of TPL from 1985.