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Deep Space: The new frontier of radiation controls
In commercial nuclear power, there has always been a deliberate tension between the regulator and the utility owner. The regulator fundamentally exists to protect the worker, and the utility, to make a profit. It is a win-win balance.
From the U.S. nuclear industry has emerged a brilliantly successful occupational nuclear safety record—largely the result of an ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) process that has driven exposure rates down to what only a decade ago would have been considered unthinkable. In the U.S. nuclear industry, the system has accomplished an excellent, nearly seamless process that succeeds to the benefit of both employee and utility owner.
X. Litaudon
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 59 | Number 3 | April 2011 | Pages 469-485
Lecture | Fourth ITER International Summer School (IISS2010) | doi.org/10.13182/FST11-A11690
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
This lecture was given at the 4th ITER International Summer School in Austin, Texas, May 31-June 4, 2010. It reviews the recent experimental and modeling progress made to design real-time kinetic and magnetic profile control of advanced scenarios for steady-state tokamak operation. The lecture addresses four challenging issues that need to be resolved and that are open to future research activities: (a) how to operate a tokamak in a continuous manner, (b) how to control the core kinetic and magnetic profiles of tokamak plasmas, (c) how to control the fusion burn in plasmas with dominant self-generated bootstrap non-inductive current and fusion-born alpha heating, and (d) how to control simultaneously core and edge plasma parameters.
