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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
K. Hoshino, T. Yamamoto, H. Tamai, K. Ohasa, H. Kawashima, Y. Miura, T. Ogawa, T. Shoji, T. Shibata, K. Kikuchi, M. Sawahata, K. Takahashi
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 49 | Number 2 | February 2006 | Pages 139-167
Technical Paper | JFT-2M Tokamak | doi.org/10.13182/FST06-A1092
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
We briefly present the experimental results obtained using the various heating and current drive systems, such as electron cyclotron heating, fast wave, lower hybrid wave, ion cyclotron range of frequency, neutral beam injection heating, or the external coil systems or the divertor bias system developed in JFT-2M from the viewpoint of the active control of the tokamak plasma. The features and design concepts of each system are described briefly, as we had to develop such systems to carry out the physical research. The experimental findings in plasma heating, current drive, and advanced plasma control in the JFT-2M tokamak contributed to the design and experiments in the larger tokamaks and to ITER.