ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Jul 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2025
Nuclear Technology
August 2025
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
H. Funaba, K. Y. Watanabe, S. Sakakibara, S. Murakami, I. Yamada, K. Narihara, K. Tanaka, T. Tokuzawa, M. Osakabe, Y. Narushima, M. Yokoyama, S. Ohdachi, Y. Takeiri, H. Yamada, K. Kawahata, LHD Experiment Group
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 58 | Number 1 | July-August 2010 | Pages 141-149
Chapter 3. Confinement and Transport | Special Issue on Large Helical Device (LHD) | doi.org/10.13182/FST10-A10801
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The magnetic configuration of the Large Helical Device (LHD) changes with the increment in beta. To distinguish between the beta effect and the configuration effect on the gradual degradation of the global confinement property in the high-beta LHD plasmas, the local transport characteristics are studied by considering the change in the major radius of the magnetic flux surface with the beta value. A model transport coefficient that has the same nondimensional parameter dependence as the international stellarator scaling 2004 (ISS04) is introduced and used as the reference. The dependence of the local transport characteristics in high-beta plasmas on the major radial position of a geometric center of the magnetic flux surface is compared with that in low-beta plasmas. The dependence of the local transport in the peripheral region is correlated more with beta itself than the magnetic configuration effect, whereas the core transport appears to be correlated more with the configuration effect. The comparison of the experimental transport coefficients and the calculation results shows that the resistive pressure gradient-driven turbulence can be considered as one of the causes of this degradation.