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Fusion Science and Technology
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Glass strategy: Hanford’s enhanced waste glass program
The mission of the Department of Energy’s Office of River Protection (ORP) is to complete the safe cleanup of waste resulting from decades of nuclear weapons development. One of the most technologically challenging responsibilities is the safe disposition of approximately 56 million gallons of radioactive waste historically stored in 177 tanks at the Hanford Site in Washington state.
ORP has a clear incentive to reduce the overall mission duration and cost. One pathway is to develop and deploy innovative technical solutions that can advance baseline flow sheets toward higher efficiency operations while reducing identified risks without compromising safety. Vitrification is the baseline process that will convert both high-level and low-level radioactive waste at Hanford into a stable glass waste form for long-term storage and disposal.
Although vitrification is a mature technology, there are key areas where technology can further reduce operational risks, advance baseline processes to maximize waste throughput, and provide the underpinning to enhance operational flexibility; all steps in reducing mission duration and cost.
M. Osakabe, M. Isobe, S. Murakami, S. Kobayashi, K. Saito, R. Kumazawa, T. Mutoh, T. Ozaki, M. Nishiura, E. Veshchev, T. Seki, Y. Takeiri, O. Kaneko, K. Nagaoka, T. Tokuzawa, K. Ogawa, K. Toi, S. Yamamoto, M. Sasao, T. Watanabe, LHD Experiment Group
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 58 | Number 1 | July-August 2010 | Pages 131-140
Chapter 3. Confinement and Transport | Special Issue on Large Helical Device (LHD) | doi.org/10.13182/FST10-A10800
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
On the Large Helical Device (LHD), improved confinement of fast ions by moving the magnetic axis location inward is theoretically predicted. This improvement is observed significantly in the fast-ion tail formation during the experiments of ion cyclotron range of frequency heating. The fast-ion loss effect on the tail formation is 10 times more significant in the standard configuration than in the inwardly shifted configurations. The superiority is also confirmed by the comparison of steady-state fast-ion spectra for the neutral beam (NB)-heated plasmas and by the flux decay of fast neutrals after the short-pulse injection of radial NB.