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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
W. M. Shu, S. O'hira, T. Suzuki, M. F. Nishi
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 48 | Number 1 | July-August 2005 | Pages 684-687
Technical Paper | Tritium Science and Technology - Properties, Reactions, and Applications | doi.org/10.13182/FST05-A1016
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
To have better understanding of radiochemical reactions among oxygen baking products in a fusion reactor, reactions in equimolar tritium molecule (T2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) were examined by laser Raman spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. After mixing them at room temperature, T2 and CO2 decreased rapidly in the first 30 minutes and then the reactions between them became much slower. As the predominant products of the reactions, carbon monoxide (CO) and tritiated water (T2O) were found in gaseous phase and condensed phase, respectively. However, there likely existed also some solid products that were thermally decomposed into CO, CO2, T2, T2O, etc. during baking up to 523 K.
