Using cosmic muons allows for a noninvasive imaging approach to examine nuclear fuel in sealed dry storage casks. By assessing muons both before and after passing through the cask, one can infer details about the cask’s interior by analyzing scattering angle data. The effective scattering angles of muons depend on the characteristics of the interacting material, such as the atomic number (Z). This allows for the deduction of the material and geometric composition of the cask’s inventory. When employing simulations to forecast muon paths within the cask, it is essential to scrutinize the impact of modeling assumptions and simplifications on the scattering angle distribution.

In this study, we examine the influence of modeling assumptions and simplifications on the effective scattering angle. Additionally, the significance of the number of particles used is shown. We evaluate four GEANT4 cask models of a CASTOR® V/19, each incorporating varying degrees of simplification, and analyze their impact on the projected muon scattering angle. These simplifications include both the simplification of individual geometric components of the cask and the complete exclusion of specific components. We assess and prioritize the various model simplifications in terms of their effect on the observed scattering angle. We recognize the importance of thoughtfully considering the degree of simplification used in the model to ensure accurate and reliable results for the scattering angle distribution.