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A year in orbit: ISS deployment tests radiation detectors for future space missions
The predawn darkness on a cool Florida night was shattered by the ignition of nine Merlin engines on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket. The thrust of the engines shook the ground miles away. From a distance, the rocket appeared to slowly rise above the horizon. For the cargo onboard, the launch was anything but gentle, as the ignition of liquid oxygen generated more than 1.5 million pounds of force. After the rocket had been out of sight for several minutes, the booster dramatically returned to Earth with several sonic booms in a captivating show of engineering designed to make space travel less expensive and more sustainable.
William Searight, Leigh Winfrey
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 77 | Number 7 | October-November 2021 | Pages 865-874
Student Paper Competition Selection | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2021.1913373
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
One of the most pressing issues in the commercial development of fusion energy is the design and testing of high-temperature materials that can withstand high heat and particle fluxes while maintaining desirable structural and material performance. This challenge is also present in advanced fission reactor and nuclear thermal propulsion (NTP) system development, and experimental data generated from common material candidates provide novel cross-disciplinary validation and verification of model development. To this end, a hot hydrogen test loop capable of producing circulating hydrogen at temperatures up to 1200°C is being designed and constructed at The Pennsylvania State University, with the immediate intent to study the effects of hydrogen exposure on NTP component materials. These materials can include metals, ceramics, and any materials combination of interest. This work details the preliminary design work behind the current loop design, demonstrating effective operation at the current temperature requirement, and will inform higher-temperature designs where plasma effects become more significant.