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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
V. D’Auria, S. Dulla, P. Ravetto, L. Savoldi, M. Utili, R. Zanino
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 71 | Number 4 | May 2017 | Pages 537-543
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/15361055.2017.1291252
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The current studies on the development of the EU DEMO breeding blanket include among the options the use of liquid Lithium-Lead (17Li-83Pb) as tritium breeder (and multiplier), with different coolants. As the tritium is steadily produced in the blanket during the reactor operation, suitably efficient strategies for the Tritium Extraction System (TES) from the breeder must be developed, allowing a closed fuel cycle in situ and avoiding tritium accumulation in the machine. The Permeator Against Vacuum (PAV) appears to be one of the most promising solutions to achieve this goal. In this paper, the performance of a PAV system is studied by means of different models describing the transport of tritium in the liquid PbLi and in the metallic membrane separating it from the vacuum. The comparison of the results for different membrane materials and size of the device, for a given target efficiency, allows to optimize the PAV design, also taking into account corrosion issues. The approximations and limitations of the adopted models are also addressed.