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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
Joseph A. Christensen, R. A. Borrelli
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 196 | Number 11 | November 2022 | Pages 1333-1348
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.1080/00295639.2022.2087832
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
This work uses evaluated criticality safety benchmarks to examine the effect of heterogeneity in high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU) systems. A subset of benchmarks selected based on their composition parameters is slightly modified to artificially introduce heterogeneity, and the difference in the effective multiplication factor between the homogeneous benchmark and the modified model is determined. The difference in the multiplication factor is evaluated for correlations against both the moderator ratio and the enrichment of the benchmarks, and the correlations are examined using established statistical methods. In several cases, statistically significant correlations are observed and discussed, and the lack of expected correlations is also discussed.